Jesse Owens
USA
Athletics
Overall Ranks
#10 among American Olympians
#7 among Track & Field Athletes
#7 among Male American Olympians
#5 among American Track & Field Athletes
#5 among Male Track & Field Athletes
#4 among American Male Track & Field Athletes
Olympic Results
1936
100m - Gold
200m - Gold
4x100m Relay - Gold
Long Jump - Gold
Total
Events - 4
Gold - 4
James Cleveland Owens was born on September 12, 1913 in Oakville, Alabama, and moved to Cleveland with his family when he was 9 years old. He went by his initials, JC, when he was young, but his new teacher in Cleveland misunderstood his southern accent when he gave his name, and from then on he was known as Jesse.
He grew up in a poor family, so he had to work after school to help support his family, but the junior high track coach allowed him to practice before school. During his senior year of high school, he tied the world record in the 100 yard dash. He later went to Ohio State, where he won 8 NCAA titles in just 2 years, which is still the most NCAA titles by any athlete in history.
While at Ohio State, he also had what has been called the greatest 45 minutes in sports history. At the Big Ten Championships, he set 6 world records in less than an hour, going straight from one event to the next, including the 100 yard dash, long jump, 220 yard dash, 220 yard hurdles, 200 meters, and 200 meter hurdles.
The next year, he represented the USA at the Berlin Olympics. His first event was the 100m, where he showed his skill by outrunning the entire competition, with teammate Ralph Metcalfe coming in just 0.1 second behind, but Owens' time tied the Olympic record, and earned him his first gold medal.
He was the favorite in the long jump, where he was the world record holder. He had the best qualifying jump at 7.64 meters, then took the lead immediately in the final with a jump of 7.74 meters. His next jump of 7.87 would have been enough to win gold by itself, but he beat that jump 2 more times, finishing up with a leap of 8.06 meters, destroying the old Olympic record of 7.76 meters and winning a second gold medal.
The next day, he competed in the 200m, where he was now the favorite after what he had done the previous 2 days. He broke the Olympic record by 0.5 seconds, and set a new world record as well, finishing 0.4 seconds ahead of Mack Robinson, who is best known as the older brother of Jackie Robinson. This was his third gold medal in 3 days.
He was initially not expected to run in the 4x100m relay, but the coach decided to switch up the lineup at the last minute by removing a couple of Jewish athletes from the event. Jesse ran the lead-off leg in both the heats and the final, and they set world records in both rounds, finishing with 39.8 seconds in the final, and they beat Italy by 1.3 seconds to take an easy gold.
Owens faced a lot of struggles after returning to America. Despite being honored by a parade and reception on his return, he was still forced to enter the hotel where the banquet was held by the back entrance due to his race. He later had to resort to racing against horses, motorcycles, and cars in exhibitions in order to earn money. He began smoking during the 1940s, and it eventually led to his early death of lung cancer in 1980.
In his lone Olympic appearance, Owens won gold in all 4 events he entered, and he did the whole thing right in front of Adolf Hitler, who considered black athletes to be inferior to whites. Not only did he win gold in each event, but he set Olympic records in each event, and world records in two of them. His cultural impact may be the largest of any Olympic athlete ever, but his athletic achievements easily make him one of the greatest Olympians of all time.
